INTRODUCTION
The conflict that involved Israeli and Egypt is a modern phenomenon. It had produced at least eight wars and a number of minor conflicts between two groups asserting different national identities, but claiming the same small, postage-stamp-size piece of land. The Israeli came dates to biblical times when the area was controlled by Jews before the Roman asserted their authority in the first century. In the modern historical times, Israelis appear to the experience in World War 1 and 2. During World War 1, the British issued the Balfour Declaration, a letter written by the British Zionist Federation promising that the British government would work for a Jewish homeland in Palestine. After World War 2, Israel argues, the horror of Hitler’s Holocaust proved the need for a Jewish state. In 1948, Jewish settlers were willing to accept a partition of Palestine but the Arab people in the area were not. The United Nation recognized their state but the Israeli had to fight to preserve it from Arab attack. This, the Israeli say, is the historical origin and justification of the state of Israel. The Palestinian Arabs respond that they also have lived in the area for many centuries. At the World War 1 when the Balfour Declaration was issued, 90 percent of the people lived in the area of Palestine were Arabs. Indeed, as late as 1932, 80 percent of the people were Arabs. They argue that Britain had no regret to make promise to the Jews at the Arab expense. What is more, the Arabs continued, the Holocaust may have been one of history’s greatest sins, but it was committed by Europeans. Why should Arab have to pay for it? Both sides seem to have valid points. In World War 1, the area that is now Palestine was ruled by the Turks, and the Ottoman Empire was allied with Germany. After defeat, the empire was dismembered, and its Arab territories became mandates under the League of Nations. France ruled Syria and Lebanon ; Britain called the area it received between the Jordan River and Mediterrean “Palestine” and the area it governed across the Jordan river “ Trans-Jordan”. In the 1920s, Jewish immigration to Palestine increased slowly, but in the 1930s after the rise of Hitler and intensified anti-Semitism in Europe, it began to increase quite rapidly. By 1936, nearly 40% of Palestine was Jewish, and the flux led the Arab resident to riot. The British set up a royal commission, which recommended partition into two states. In May 1939, with the approach of World War 2, Britain needed Arab support against Hitler’s Germany, so Britain promised it well restrict Jewish immigration? But restructure was hard to enforce after the war. Because of the Holocaust, may in Europe were sympathetic to the deal of smuggling of Jewish refugees. In addition, some of the Jewish settlers in Palestine engaged in terrorist act against their British rulers. Britain, meanwhile, was so financially and politically exhausted from World War 2 and the de-colonialization of India that it announced in the fall of 1947 that come May of 1948, it would turn Palestine over to the United Nations.
The 1947 UN Partition Plan offered to both sides of the conflict before the 1948 war. The Jews accepted the plan while the Arabs rejected it. The 1948 Arab-Israeli War, known as the "Israeli War of Independence" by Israelis or "al-Nakba" (The Disaster) by Arabs, 1948–1949, began after the November 1947 UN Partition Plan, which proposed the establishment of Arab and Jewish states in Palestine. The Arabs had rejected the plan while the Jews had accepted it. By March 1948 however, the United States was actively seeking a temporary UN approved trusteeship rather than immediate partition. The Jewish leadership rejected this. By now, both Jewish and Arab militias had begun campaigns to control territory inside and outside the designated borders, and an open war between the two populations emerged. Jordanian, Egyptian, Syrian, Lebanese, Iraqi and Saudi troops invaded Palestine subsequent to the British withdrawal and the declaration of the State of Israel on May 14, 1948.
DIMENSION OF THE CONFLICT
From all indications, the conflicts took a violent dimension and frustrating ends as the Arab army, Egypt in particular, immediately invaded the state of Israel to show it worth and respect among the Arab states. The reasons for these complexities were;
1. Egypt was an Arab state
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